作者:網絡投(tou)稿 發(fa)布(bu)時間:2022-03-04 00:00 閱讀次數(shu):61
網上有很多(duo)關于標準sfp收(shou)發器外(wai)(wai)殼(ke),光纖收(shou)發器原理與(yu)場景實際(ji)應用的(de)知(zhi)識(shi),也(ye)有很多(duo)人為大家解答(da)關于標準sfp收(shou)發器外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)的(de)問題,今(jin)天瑞達豐光模塊外(wai)(wai)殼(ke)加工(gong)廠(9songs.com.cn)為大家整理了關于這方面的(de)知(zhi)識(shi),讓我們一(yi)起來(lai)看下(xia)吧!
2、CiscoCatalyst2918系列上支持哪些SFP收發器?
如何(he)將(jiang)現(xian)代的(de)(de)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)通信(xin)技(ji)術和(he)(he)(he)傳統的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)網通信(xin)設(she)備有效地結合(he)在一起是網絡(luo)工程師們的(de)(de)重要課題之(zhi)一。光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發器(qi)的(de)(de)出現(xian)完美地實現(xian)了(le)光(guang)纜和(he)(he)(he)銅(tong)(tong)纜的(de)(de)無縫連(lian)(lian)接,常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在以太銅(tong)(tong)網無法覆蓋、必(bi)須使用(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)來延長傳輸距(ju)離的(de)(de)網絡(luo)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中,同時在幫助把光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)最(zui)后一公(gong)里線路連(lian)(lian)接到城域(yu)網和(he)(he)(he)更外層網絡(luo)上發揮了(le)巨(ju)大作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。本教程將(jiang)詳細(xi)介紹光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發器(qi)及其(qi)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。
什么是光纖收發器?
光(guang)(guang)纖收發(fa)器一般(ban)被分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩種,一種是(shi)將短(duan)距離(li)的(de)雙絞線電信(xin)號(hao)(hao)和長(chang)距離(li)的(de)光(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)進行互換(huan)的(de)以太網傳(chuan)輸媒體轉(zhuan)換(huan)單元(yuan),通常稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)光(guang)(guang)電轉(zhuan)換(huan)器;另(ling)(ling)一種是(shi)將光(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)電信(xin)號(hao)(hao)后,再轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)另(ling)(ling)一種光(guang)(guang)信(xin)號(hao)(hao),也(ye)被稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)光(guang)(guang)纖轉(zhuan)換(huan)中繼器。產品一般(ban)應用在(zai)以太網電纜無(wu)法覆蓋、必(bi)須使(shi)用光(guang)(guang)纖來延長(chang)傳(chuan)輸距離(li)的(de)實(shi)際網絡環境中,且通常定(ding)位于寬帶城域網的(de)接入層應用;同時在(zai)幫助(zhu)把光(guang)(guang)纖最(zui)后一公里線路(lu)連接到城域網和更(geng)外(wai)層的(de)網絡上(shang)也(ye)發(fa)揮了巨大的(de)作用。
光纖收發器如何接入網
由于我(wo)們常使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)線(xian)(雙(shuang)絞線(xian))的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)距離(li)有(you)很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)局限性,一(yi)般(ban)雙(shuang)絞線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)距離(li)為100米。因此(ci),當我(wo)們在布置較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)絡的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou),不得不使(shi)(shi)用中(zhong)繼(ji)設備。當然,也可以使(shi)(shi)用其(qi)他的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)路來(lai)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu),比如光(guang)纖(xian)就是一(yi)種(zhong)很好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)選擇。光(guang)纖(xian)的(de)(de)(de)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)距離(li)很遠,一(yi)般(ban)來(lai)說(shuo)單模光(guang)纖(xian)的(de)(de)(de)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)距離(li)在10千米以上,而多模光(guang)纖(xian)的(de)(de)(de)傳輸(shu)(shu)(shu)距離(li)最(zui)高也能達到2千米。在使(shi)(shi)用光(guang)纖(xian)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou),我(wo)們會經常使(shi)(shi)用到光(guang)纖(xian)收發(fa)器。這時(shi)問題就來(lai)了,光(guang)纖(xian)收發(fa)器怎么使(shi)(shi)用?它是如何接入網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)呢?
我(wo)們(men)都(dou)知道,一(yi)(yi)個網絡是由(you)各(ge)種光學器(qi)件組成的(de),光纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)發(fa)器(qi)就是其(qi)(qi)中的(de)一(yi)(yi)個重要組成部分。在(zai)(zai)將(jiang)光纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)發(fa)器(qi)接(jie)入(ru)(ru)網時(shi),首(shou)先(xian)要將(jiang)光纜從室外引進(jin)來。光纜要熔(rong)接(jie)在(zai)(zai)光纜盒里,也(ye)就是終端(duan)盒。光纜的(de)熔(rong)接(jie)也(ye)是門學問,需要把光纜剝(bo)開,將(jiang)光纜里的(de)細(xi)纖(xian)(xian)維與(yu)尾纖(xian)(xian)熔(rong)接(jie),熔(rong)接(jie)好后(hou)(hou)放在(zai)(zai)盒子(zi)里。尾纖(xian)(xian)要拉出去(qu),將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)接(jie)在(zai)(zai)ODF上(一(yi)(yi)種架子(zi),用耦(ou)合器(qi)連接(jie)),然(ran)后(hou)(hou)用耦(ou)合器(qi)將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)與(yu)跳線(xian)連接(jie),最后(hou)(hou)將(jiang)跳線(xian)接(jie)在(zai)(zai)光纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)發(fa)器(qi)上面。接(jie)下來的(de)依次連接(jie)順序(xu)為路由(you)器(qi)----交換機---局域網---主機。這樣,光纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)(shou)(shou)發(fa)器(qi)就接(jie)入(ru)(ru)網了。
光纖收發器的類型及應用
如今市場上光(guang)纖收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)發器(qi)種類(lei)繁多(duo),但總的(de)來說(shuo),無外乎應用于銅纜(lan)(lan)與光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)連接網絡(luo)的(de)光(guang)纖收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)發器(qi)和應用于光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)與光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)間連接網絡(luo)的(de)光(guang)纖收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)發器(qi)兩種類(lei)型。這兩種類(lei)型的(de)光(guang)纖收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)發器(qi)又可(ke)分(fen)為不同(tong)的(de)小類(lei),下面對每(mei)一(yi)個分(fen)類(lei)都有具(ju)體介紹。
應用于銅纜與光纜連接網絡的光纖收發器
當兩(liang)個網絡(luo)設備之間的(de)距離超過(guo)銅(tong)電纜的(de)傳輸距離,這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)候(hou)就需(xu)要光(guang)纖(xian)電纜來(lai)進行連接,而(er)光(guang)纖(xian)收(shou)發(fa)器則負(fu)責來(lai)進行兩(liang)種介質間的(de)轉換。這(zhe)(zhe)種光(guang)纖(xian)收(shou)發(fa)器又可細分為一下幾類(lei):
1.以太網光纖收發器
這種類型的光(guang)纖收發(fa)器(qi)能夠連(lian)接用于以(yi)太(tai)網、快速(su)以(yi)太(tai)網和(he)(he)10G以(yi)太(tai)網的設備,實現具有不同速(su)率和(he)(he)不同端口類型的設備間(jian)的無縫連(lian)接,通(tong)常被應用于點(dian)到點(dian)間(jian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)的轉換(huan)(huan),校園里傳(chuan)輸(shu)的轉換(huan)(huan)等。比如在(zai)進行點(dian)與點(dian)間(jian)傳(chuan)輸(shu)的轉換(huan)(huan)時,兩(liang)個(ge)光(guang)纖收發(fa)器(qi)可(ke)用于連(lian)接兩(liang)個(ge)UTP(Unshielded Twisted Paired,非屏蔽雙絞線)以(yi)太(tai)網交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)機,或者(zhe)直接將UTP交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)機連(lian)接到智能終端上。
2.TDM(Time Division Multiplexing,時分多路轉換)光纖收發器
這(zhe)類光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)(fa)器主要有(you)T1/E1和T3/E3兩(liang)種型號。這(zhe)兩(liang)種光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)(fa)器都(dou)需要成對使用,在延長(chang)電纜傳(chuan)輸距離時,對避免噪聲、改善服(fu)務質量和網絡安全等(deng)方面能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)揮一定作(zuo)用。T1/E1光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)(fa)器符合T1(1.544Mbps)和E1(2.048Mbps)的(de)標準(zhun),對于T1和E1連接(jie)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)安裝和維(wei)護,這(zhe)類光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)(fa)器還(huan)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)揮測試(shi)和排除故(gu)障的(de)作(zuo)用。T3/E3光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)(fa)器符合T3(44.736Mbps)和E3(34.368Mbps)的(de)標準(zhun),能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)用于連接(jie)PBX(private branch exchange,專用分組交換機),多(duo)路(lu)轉接(jie)器和路(lu)由器等(deng)設(she)備。這(zhe)類光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)(fa)器能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)用于建筑(zhu)之間的(de)信號傳(chuan)輸,并能(neng)(neng)擴(kuo)展電信劃分點。
3.串口轉光纖轉換器
這類光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收發(fa)器是多(duo)功能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)異(yi)步RS-232,RS-485通(tong)信接(jie)口的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)MODEM,是連接(jie)遠(yuan)程(cheng)終端單元(RTU)到主機(HOST)或(huo)分布式(shi)(shi)數(shu)據采集(ji)系統(SCADA)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器的(de)(de)(de)最佳選擇。支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)RS-232,RS-485多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)異(yi)步通(tong)信協議(yi),可(ke)以(yi)同(tong)時混合(he)使(shi)用兩(liang)個RS-232,RS-485接(jie)口,支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)2線(xian)(半雙工(gong))RS-485工(gong)作方式(shi)(shi)。RS-485光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收發(fa)器支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)數(shu)據(TXD或(huo)SD)發(fa)送控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi),從(cong)而(er)提(ti)高了(le)適應(ying)各類軟件的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li),也簡化了(le)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方式(shi)(shi),光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)MODEM支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)異(yi)步串行(xing)口之間的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)連接(jie)方式(shi)(shi),它(ta)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)兩(liang)個異(yi)步串行(xing)口的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)(bei)通(tong)過(guo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)進行(xing)全雙工(gong)或(huo)半雙工(gong)通(tong)信,通(tong)信距(ju)離最遠(yuan)可(ke)達(da)(da)多(duo)模4公里,單模20公里,RS-232信號的(de)(de)(de)傳輸速率最高為115.2Kbps,RS-485的(de)(de)(de)信號傳輸速率最高可(ke)達(da)(da)460Kbps,不(bu)同(tong)電氣標準的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)口可(ke)以(yi)混合(he)使(shi)用,可(ke)以(yi)用RS-232的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)(bei)去連接(jie)RS-485的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)(bei),可(ke)以(yi)代替(ti)RS-232到RS-485接(jie)口轉換器或(huo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電隔離器,并(bing)提(ti)供了(le)優良的(de)(de)(de)EMI/RFT(電磁(ci)干(gan)擾/功能(neng)(neng)測試)特性。
應用于光纜間連接網絡的光纖收發器
這類光(guang)纖收(shou)發(fa)器(qi)(qi)可(ke)支持單模(mo)(mo)與多(duo)模(mo)(mo)光(guang)纖,單工與多(duo)工光(guang)纖之(zhi)間的(de)連接,并進行光(guang)電信號(hao)的(de)轉(zhuan)換。具(ju)體來(lai)分,又(you)分為多(duo)模(mo)(mo)轉(zhuan)單模(mo)(mo)光(guang)纖收(shou)發(fa)器(qi)(qi),雙工轉(zhuan)單工光(guang)纖收(shou)發(fa)器(qi)(qi),以及SFP波段轉(zhuan)換收(shou)發(fa)器(qi)(qi)。
1.多模轉單模光纖收發器
在(zai)(zai)企業(ye)網絡的信號傳輸(shu)(shu)中,有時(shi)可能傳輸(shu)(shu)端(duan)使(shi)(shi)用的是(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)模設(she)備,而接受(shou)信號的一方(fang)使(shi)(shi)用的是(shi)(shi)單模的設(she)備,在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種情況下(xia),多(duo)(duo)模轉(zhuan)單模光(guang)纖(xian)收(shou)發器可以(yi)用來進行多(duo)(duo)模光(guang)纖(xian)到單模光(guang)纖(xian)的轉(zhuan)換。除此之外,多(duo)(duo)模轉(zhuan)單模光(guang)纖(xian)收(shou)發器的使(shi)(shi)用還能更好地適應長(chang)距離(li)傳輸(shu)(shu)的需要,最大傳輸(shu)(shu)距離(li)可達140km,能同時(shi)滿(man)足(zu)低(di)成本和高連接性的要求。在(zai)(zai)下(xia)圖中,兩個(ge)帶有多(duo)(duo)模端(duan)口的以(yi)太網交(jiao)換機分別(bie)連接兩個(ge)光(guang)纖(xian)收(shou)發器,將多(duo)(duo)模轉(zhuan)化為單模,來實(shi)現長(chang)距離(li)的傳輸(shu)(shu)。
2.雙工轉單工光纖收發器
有時(shi),企業網絡的(de)傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)還需要(yao)將雙(shuang)(shuang)工光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)轉換為單(dan)(dan)工光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),這主要(yao)取決于收發(fa)(fa)設(she)備里面的(de)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)數。顧名思義,單(dan)(dan)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)接(jie)收發(fa)(fa)送(song)的(de)數據(ju)是在(zai)(zai)一根光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu),雙(shuang)(shuang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)接(jie)收發(fa)(fa)送(song)的(de)數據(ju)是在(zai)(zai)一對光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)。單(dan)(dan)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)備可以節省一半的(de)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),即(ji)在(zai)(zai)一根光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上實(shi)現(xian)(xian)數據(ju)的(de)接(jie)收和發(fa)(fa)送(song),在(zai)(zai)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)資源緊張的(de)地方十分(fen)(fen)適(shi)用(yong)。這類產品采(cai)用(yong)了波分(fen)(fen)復用(yong)的(de)技術,使用(yong)的(de)波長多為1310nm和1550nm。下圖光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)收發(fa)(fa)器(qi)的(de)兩(liang)個端口一個是單(dan)(dan)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),一個是雙(shuang)(shuang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),實(shi)現(xian)(xian)雙(shuang)(shuang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)到單(dan)(dan)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)轉換。
3.波段轉換收發器
WDM 光放(fang)大中繼(ji)器(qi)系列(lie)(OEO)的(de)最(zui)大特點是能在不改變數據/信(xin)(xin)號(hao)內容的(de)前提下,通過(guo)不同的(de)波長(chang)對信(xin)(xin)號(hao)進行接收、放(fang)大和(he)重新發(fa)射。如(ru)今(jin),波長(chang)的(de)轉(zhuan)換(huan)只能通過(guo)WDM 光放(fang)大中繼(ji)器(qi)系列(lie)(OEO)來實(shi)現。WDM光放(fang)大中繼(ji)器(qi)系列(lie)(OEO)像再生(sheng)器(qi)一樣工作(zuo),將光輸入信(xin)(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為電(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao),通過(guo)一個(ge)新的(de)電(dian)脈沖振(zhen)幅(fu)和(he)波形,生(sheng)成(cheng)一個(ge)輸入信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)邏輯(ji)副本(ben),并利(li)用這一電(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)驅動發(fa)射器(qi)產(chan)生(sheng)出一個(ge)具有新的(de)波長(chang)的(de)光信(xin)(xin)號(hao)。
結束語
光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收發器(qi)可支(zhi)持多種協議、傳(chuan)(chuan)輸速率和(he)傳(chuan)(chuan)輸媒介,它在(zai)真正實(shi)現(xian)無阻塞傳(chuan)(chuan)輸交換性(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)同時,還提供了(le)平衡流量、隔離沖突和(he)檢測(ce)(ce)差錯等功能(neng)(neng),保(bao)證數據傳(chuan)(chuan)輸時的(de)高安全(quan)性(xing)和(he)穩定性(xing)。可以預(yu)測(ce)(ce)的(de)是,光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)收發器(qi)在(zai)今(jin)后的(de)很(hen)長一段時間內都會活躍在(zai)網(wang)絡部署中,是在(zai)實(shi)際網(wang)絡組建(jian)中不可缺少的(de)一部分。
思(si)科主要是做(zuo)路由器(qi)的,很多交換(huan)機(ji)廠家都被思(si)科收購了(le),后來叫(jiao)思(si)科了(le),這個(ge)是Catalyst 2960智能交換(huan)機(ji)48個(ge)端口,傳(chuan)輸速率:10/1000Mbps這個(ge)SFP是該交換(huan)機(ji)有(you)4個(ge)SFP模塊(kuai)插槽(cao)的意思(si),SFP是SMALL FORM PLUGGABLE的縮寫(xie),可以(yi)簡(jian)單的理解(jie)為GBIC的升級版本。SFP模塊(kuai)體積比GBIC模塊(kuai)減(jian)少一半,可以(yi)在相同的面(mian)板上配置多出一倍以(yi)上的端口數量(liang)。SFP模塊(kuai)的其(qi)他(ta)功能基本和GBIC一致。
以上就是關于標準(zhun)sfp收發器外(wai)殼(ke),光纖收發器原理與(yu)場(chang)景實際(ji)應(ying)用的(de)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi),后面(mian)我們會繼續為(wei)大家整理關于標準(zhun)sfp收發器外(wai)殼(ke)的(de)知(zhi)識(shi)(shi),希望(wang)能(neng)夠幫(bang)助到大家!